The composition of an atom is: nucleus, proton, and electrons where the sum of the protons determines the l tal amount of electrons that will be around the atom.
The role of the electrons is to manage chemical reactions that occur inside the atom as well as the substances that makes the atoms form molecules. Much like planets, electrons revolve around the atom in one or more shells.
When the innermost shell has two electrons, it is considered full. When the second shell is full with electrons the process starts all over again.
The most important thing in determining the structural characteristic of an atom is the number of electrons in the outermost shell.
Maximum stability is reached when the atom has a full outer shell. This is the ideal condition every atom seeks to attain and is achieved by the following conditions:
Gaining or losing electrons to either fill or empty its outer shell
Bonding with other atoms to share electrons to complete the outer shell
The most common way atoms achieve stability is with sharing electrons with other atoms. In this way the atom is able to achieve maximum stability.
Often, the bonds that the atoms form remain in tact so that maximum stability is maintained. However, when these bonds do tear, the highly unstable free radical is born and swiftly seeks to make itself more stable.
The ideal way free radicals attack is by locating the nearest molecule they can find that has achieved maximum stability and start stealing electrons. Once a molecule is attacked, it too becomes a free radical. This process creates a chain reaction that continues until it causes cells to become damaged.
Common times when free radicals occur are during metabolism as well as when the body is fighting off bacteria or viruses. Pollution, cigarette smoke, radiation, and pesticides are other times when free radicals can occur.
Typically, the body is able to handle free radicals, but if antioxidants are unavailable, or if the free-radical production becomes excessive, damage can occur. Most importantly is that free radical damage accumulates with age.
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Posted by Dr. Lorna Mistranski | Filed Under Education
January 18, 2010 | Leave a Comment
A recent study done by the University of Florida on the South American acai berry found that it has enough antioxidants to actually destroy cancer cells.
The results showed that the acai berry destroyed leukemia cells 86 percent of the time where it triggered a self-destruct response according to the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry where the information was initially published.
Acai berry’s provide a rich source of antioxidants which are key to fighting harmful radicals that can lead to cancer. The study was important in showing the importance of reasons why the acai berry should be part of a daily diet.
An very important thing to note here is that this study did not intend to demonstrate that the elements found in the acai berry can prevent leukemia in humans.
This study was never intended to raise any false hopes that the acai berry is a cure for leukemia. The results are still very positive however. The human body has shown promising results with compounds that have been tested under the cell-culture model.
Other fruits have proven similar results in killing cancer cells like mangoes, grapes and guavas. Scientist are still unsure what role antioxidants play in fighting cancer cells as there are other factors that come into play as well.
Acai berries is are perishable and must be eaten immediately after picking. The process to preserve acai berries have only been available for about five years, so researchers in many parts of the world have had little or no opportunity to study them.
The Euterpe oleracea is the palm tree that produces the acai berry, and are commonly found along the flood plains of the amazon river. The color of the berry is a dark purple and the size of a blue berry. There is a large seed that is surrounded by an edible pulp encased in a thin layer.
The local people of the amazon have been using the acai berry to treat conditions ranging from skin disorders to digestive problems. recently, the acai berry has proven helpful in loosing weight and lowering cholesterol.
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Posted by Dr. Lorna Mistranski | Filed Under Education
January 13, 2010 | Leave a Comment
A study done by scientist for the USDA to determine foods that contained the highest level of antioxidants found that the acai berry, artichokes, and beans had the highest levels recorded.
The study also confirmed that widely known highly rich antioxidant foods like cranberries and blueberries were good sources–but surprisingly, research also determined that cinnamon, pecans, and even Russet potatoes contained high sources of antioxidants. Antioxidants are important because they are thought to fight cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and heart disease.
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